Żory became a town thanks to the decision of Duke Ladislaus of Opole and Racibórz in 1272. Soon, the characteristic medieval urban layout was formed. It had spindle-shaped walls within which there was a rectangular square with a town hall and a nearby parish church. On opposite sides of the town, there were gateways leading to Kraków and Cieszyn. Traces of the traditional layout of the town have been preserved to this day.